XLPVC電線-永川UL無鹵電線-渝北UL無鹵電線

具(ju)(ju)有低(di)煙無(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)LSHF（Low Smoke Halogen Free）特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)于20世紀70年代推出，***初用(yong)于安裝在(zai)(zai)小型密閉空間中，如(ru)(ru)地(di)鐵、隧(sui)道、礦井、船舶(bo)和潛艇等場(chang)合(he)。隨著傳統電(dian)纜(lan)在(zai)(zai)火災中產生煙霧的(de)(de)(de)毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)風險越來(lai)越突(tu)出，低(di)煙無(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)范(fan)圍擴展到越來(lai)越多的(de)(de)(de)場(chang)所，比如(ru)(ru)對(dui)關鍵設備(bei)和系統連續運行要(yao)求較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據中心、緊急呼叫中心和電(dian)信交換站；以及學校、醫院和養老院等無(wu)法有效迅速撤(che)離人員的(de)(de)(de)特殊場(chang)所。雖然含(han)有鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)化成(cheng)分的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)絕緣和護(hu)套具(ju)(ju)有的(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)燃性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，但在(zai)(zai)遇(yu)火后(hou)會釋放具(ju)(ju)有毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)煙氣。遇(yu)火后(hou)釋放的(de)(de)(de)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)素(su)和普遍存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)氫(qing)氣反(fan)應，形(xing)成(cheng)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)化氫(qing)，遇(yu)水后(hou)形(xing)成(cheng)鹽酸(suan)、或。這些酸(suan)可能會腐(fu)蝕(shi)重要(yao)結(jie)構、部(bu)件(jian)和設備(bei)，并增加毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。含(han)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)在(zai)(zai)燃燒時還會顯著提(ti)高一氧化碳含(han)量，其潛在(zai)(zai)危(wei)險更高。

實踐證明(ming)，在(zai)這些(xie)商業和(he)住宅建筑中(zhong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)低(di)煙(yan)無(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜有(you)助于(yu)減少(shao)設備損壞，降低(di)毒(du)性煙(yan)氣的(de)(de)(de)釋放(fang)，同時(shi)成為涉及環(huan)境和(he)可(ke)持續因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)色(se)環(huan)保新建項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)合理選擇。在(zai)美(mei)國使(shi)(shi)用(yong)低(di)煙(yan)無(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜可(ke)能(neng)會滿足美(mei)國綠(lv)色(se)建筑委(wei)員會LEED（Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design）綠(lv)色(se)建筑倡議(yi)的(de)(de)(de)項目(mu)信貸條件(jian)。目(mu)前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜產品除(chu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)金屬導體外，重(zhong)要組(zu)成是聚(ju)(ju)合物材料。幾十年來，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)和(he)護套材料中(zhong)通(tong)常會添加溴化(hua)(hua)物等鹵(lu)化(hua)(hua)成分來改善阻燃特性。絕緣(yuan)和(he)護套所使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)氯(lv)乙烯(xi)(xi)（PVC），氟化(hua)(hua)乙烯(xi)(xi)丙烯(xi)(xi)和(he)氯(lv)化(hua)(hua)聚(ju)(ju)乙烯(xi)(xi)都含有(you)鹵(lu)素。其他用(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)合物也(ye)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)含有(you)其他鹵(lu)化(hua)(hua)成分的(de)(de)(de)樹脂、添加劑和(he)色(se)母。

為了(le)促(cu)進(jin)HF和LSHF電(dian)纜的(de)(de)持續開發和采用，UL提供(gong)了(le)一系列產品(pin)認證服務，可以評估(gu)電(dian)線電(dian)纜產品(pin)的(de)(de)無鹵和低煙無鹵的(de)(de)特(te)性(xing)。這一自(zi)愿(yuan)性(xing)認證，對電(dian)纜材料(liao)的(de)(de)鹵素特(te)性(xing)將按照標(biao)準UL 2885“可燃材料(liao)燃燒時(shi)酸性(xing)氣體，酸度(du)和電(dian)導(dao)率調查(cha)及鹵素評估(gu)”進(jin)行測試評估(gu)。這一標(biao)準主要基于IEC 62821系列標(biao)準，通過以下(xia)四(si)個階(jie)段的(de)(de)測試，對電(dian)纜絕(jue)緣、護套，以及填(tian)料(liao)、膠帶和包覆物(wu)等非金(jin)屬部件進(jin)行評定：

階段0，鈉熔（依據IEC 62821-1，-2）

階段(duan)1，pH值和(he)電導(dao)率（依據IEC 60754-2）

階段(duan)2，溴和氯作為HCI（依據IEC 60754-11）

階段3，含(han)氟量（依據IEC 62821-1，-2）

將滿(man)足(zu)標準UL 2885鹵素含量(liang)要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜材料用于電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜中，再對其按照(zhao)IEC 62821-3評(ping)估燃燒(shao)時釋煙(yan)(yan)密度(du)，同時滿(man)足(zu)這兩項，則可以(yi)將LSHF（低煙(yan)(yan)無鹵）的(de)(de)(de)(de)標志添加(jia)于已獲得UL安全認證的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜型號后，比如(ru)：CMR-LSHF，TC-LSHF，OFNP-LSHF等等，而獲得此類認證的(de)(de)(de)(de)廠家亦可在UL在線(xian)認證系統中被查詢到(dao)。并在未(wei)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)中按照(zhao)UL“跟蹤檢驗服務”（FUS）對產(chan)品進(jin)行定期查驗，持(chi)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)監測(ce)和測(ce)試，以(yi)產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)持(chi)續符(fu)合(he)低煙(yan)(yan)無鹵的(de)(de)(de)(de)特性要求。

無鹵電子線由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)延(yan)伸(shen)而來，符(fu)合歐盟(meng)ROHS標(biao)準下(xia)的環保(bao)要(yao)求，通常用(yong)于弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)備的內(nei)(nei)部(bu)布(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)等(deng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)可用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)備布(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)、發(fa)光(guang)(guang)二極(ji)管模(mo)塊線(xian)(xian)、家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器線(xian)(xian)、汽車(che)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)、端子(zi)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)、機械(xie)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)、照(zhao)明燈(deng)具線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)、變壓(ya)(ya)器線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)板連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)、發(fa)光(guang)(guang)二極(ji)管燈(deng)條(tiao)線(xian)(xian)等(deng)。機械(xie)損(sun)傷(shang)：無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)被(bei)(bei)重(zhong)物損(sun)壞(huai)，被(bei)(bei)挖掘機意外損(sun)壞(huai)，敷設(she)時(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)過(guo)度彎曲，絕(jue)緣(yuan)受損(sun)，運輸時(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)嚴重(zhong)擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)，絕(jue)緣(yuan)層和保(bao)護層受損(sun)，底層下(xia)沉，直埋電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜拉(la)得太大等(deng)，絕(jue)緣(yuan)因均而損(sun)壞(huai)，甚至無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)也(ye)可能斷裂，為了避(bi)免電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的機械(xie)損(sun)壞(huai)，可以使用(yong)架空無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)沿墻敷設(she)時(shi)(shi)，應隱 蔽(bi)，地埋應留(liu)有明顯標(biao)志，禁止在無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)周(zhou)圍取(qu)土。

絕緣受潮(chao)：由于無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)電子(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)施工工藝差，濕氣侵入電子(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)內(nei)部，或無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)電子(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)內(nei)保護(hu)(hu)層損壞(huai)，濕氣進入無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)電子(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)；鉛包電纜(lan)(lan)敷(fu)設(she)在(zai)(zai)震源周圍，因(yin)長期振動而(er)疲勞開裂(lie)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)電子(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)外(wai)皮被腐蝕并漂浮，由于制造質(zhi)量不好，鉛包上有小孔或裂(lie)紋；鑒(jian)于這(zhe)些現象，應加強無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)電子(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)外(wai)層的(de)(de)維護(hu)(hu)，并按期在(zai)(zai)外(wai)保護(hu)(hu)層上涂一層瀝青。過(guo)電壓：無(wu)(wu)(wu)鹵(lu)(lu)電子(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)絕緣層因(yin)大氣過(guo)電壓或內(nei)部過(guo)電壓而(er)擊(ji)穿(chuan)，特別(bie)是系統內(nei)部過(guo)電壓會導致多根電纜(lan)(lan)同時擊(ji)穿(chuan)，在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)方面(mian)，應安裝(zhuang)避(bi)雷器。

絕緣(yuan)老化：在無鹵(lu)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)路的長期(qi)(qi)運行過(guo)程中，由于散(san)熱(re)不(bu)良或過(guo)載，絕緣(yuan)材料的電(dian)氣和機(ji)械(xie)功能(neng)變差，絕緣(yuan)層變脆(cui)或斷裂，如果是這種情(qing)況，應定(ding)期(qi)(qi)對無鹵(lu)素電(dian)子(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)路進行預防性耐壓測試，在無鹵(lu)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)路絕緣(yuan)降(jiang)低不(bu)符合安(an)全運行條(tiao)件，應更換新(xin)電(dian)纜。

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